STUDENT NEEDS ANALYSIS ON LISTENING ACTIVITIES TO STIMULATE HOTS IN ESP CLASSROOM
Keywords:
English For Specific Purposes; Higher-Order Thinking Skills; Listening Comprehension; Needs Analysis; Vocational Education
Abstract
This study investigated vocational students' listening needs, difficulties, and learning preferences for developing higher-order thinking skills in an English for Food and Beverage course. A mixed-methods needs analysis was conducted using a questionnaire administered to 187 vocational hospitality students, semi-structured interviews with lecturers and alumni, and analysis of the curriculum and Semester Learning Plan. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, while qualitative data were examined through an interactive analysis model. The findings showed very high communicative and cognitive listening needs (grand M = 4.56), with the highest priorities involving understanding customer complaints, resolving miscommunication, and engaging in listening activities that stimulate critical thinking. Students also reported high listening difficulties (grand M = 3.48), particularly when processing rapid speech, different English accents, and appropriate responses in service situations. Learning preferences were very high overall (grand M = 4.29), with strong preferences for authentic workplace interactions, contextually relevant materials, adaptive technology-assisted activities, and analytical listening tasks. Complaint handling was the most frequently requested workplace scenario, reported by 53.5% of respondents. Curriculum and Semester Learning Plan analysis further showed that although the course includes occupationally relevant Food and Beverage topics and generic critical-thinking outcomes, listening instruction remains predominantly procedural and has not yet been fully contextualized to require systematic analysis, evaluation, and solution generation. These findings indicate the need for authentic, progressively scaffolded, technology-assisted listening materials that integrate workplace problem-solving, accent and speech-rate variation, interactive feedback, and case-based higher-order thinking assessment.References
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Sukmawijaya, A., Yunita, W., & Sofyan, D. (2020). Analysing higher order thinking skills on the compulsory English textbook for tenth graders of Indonesian senior high schools. JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 5(2), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v5i2.10565
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Supornsirisin, K. (2025). Problems and needs analysis of English communication for tourism service providers at Khao Sok National Park, Surat Thani. https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JLC/article/view/281318
Syaifudin, M. (2024). Needs analysis of English learning skills for students of hospitality study program. Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal, 7(2), 444–455. https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v7i2.8550
Vančová, H. (2019). Current issues in pronunciation teaching to non-native learners of English. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 7(2), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0015
Vandergrift, L., & Goh, C. C. M. (2021). Teaching and learning second language listening. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429287749
Xenia, T., & Indriyani, C. E. (2025). Hoteliers' needs analysis in a five-star hotel: ESP course design considerations. Journal of English Language and Education, 10(6), 212–222.
Chaves-Yuste, B., De-La-Peña, C., & Agustín, M. P. (2024). Improvement in the EFL learning process in VET studies. A structural equations model of affective variables: English language anxiety, willingness to communicate and self-efficacy in English. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 17(1), 759–788.
Cuic Tankovic, A., Kapeš, J., & Benazić, D. (2023). Measuring the importance of communication skills in tourism. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(1), 460–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2077790
Dudley-Evans, T., & St John, M.-J. (1998). Developments in ESP: A multi-disciplinary approach. Cambridge University Press.
Febriani, K., Purwaningsih, S., & Hakim, L. N. (2026). A content analysis of listening activities in an Indonesian EFL English textbook: Alignment with the authenticity. Journal of English Language and Education, 11(2), 39–46. https://doi.org/10.31004/jele.v11i2.1747
Goh, C. (2008). Metacognitive instruction for second language listening development: Theory, practice and research implications. RELC Journal, 39(2), 188–213. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688208092184
Hanin, U., & Muliati, A. (2025). (Mis)alignment between the students' English competency and industry demands: A case study of a vocational high school in Makassar. Journal of Technology in Language Pedagogy (JTechLP), 4(1).
Hudiananingsih, P. D., Kartika, N. P. R. T. A., Saraswati, H., Mandia, I. N., Sukra, I. N., & Laksana, I. P. Y. (2025). Application-based cooperative learning: A basic qualitative study of English for accounting. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Green Tourism Applied Science-Social Applied Science 2025 (ICOSTAS-SAS 2025), 3.
Irianti, L., Febriani, R. B., & Friatin, L. Y. (2022). Promoting students' higher order thinking through flipped classroom model in listening comprehension classes. VELES: Voices of English Language Education Society, 6(1), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v6i1.5060
Ma'fiyah, I., Riyani, R., & Annisa, H. (2023). Fostering critical thinking skills in EFL university students during listening comprehension using digital teaching-materials: A case study. English Review: Journal of English Education, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v11i3.8155
Margana, M., & Widyantoro, A. (2017). Developing English textbooks oriented to higher order thinking skills for students of vocational high schools in Yogyakarta. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 8(1), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0801.04
Nida, K., & Ardianto, A. (2025). American English in hotels: A sociolinguistic observation and analysis. Prosodi, 19(2), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.21107/prosodi.v19i2.31572
Poedjiastutie, D., & Oliver, R. (2017). English learning needs of ESP learners: Exploring stakeholder perceptions at an Indonesian university. TEFLIN Journal, 28(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i1/1-21
Ramadhana, D., & Firdaus, I. (2025). Improving EFL students' listening and critical thinking skills through higher-order thinking questions. Journal of Language Intelligence and Culture. https://doi.org/10.35719/jlic.v7i2.653
Richards, J. C. (2022). Teaching listening and speaking: From theory to practice. Cambridge University Press.
Sadiqzade, Z. (2024). The foundational role of auditory skills in language mastery. Acta Globalis Humanitatis et Linguarum. https://doi.org/10.69760/aghel.024054
Sari, Y. I. H., Wienanda, W. K., & Nugraheni, N. E. (2020). Needs analysis to develop teaching materials at Vocational College UGM. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v10i2.27934
Simanjuntak, M. (2024). Listening competence and comprehension in English for vocational learners: Implications for workforce readiness and organizational success. Indo-Fintech Intellectuals: Journal of Economics and Business. https://doi.org/10.54373/ifijeb.v4i2.1115
Sukmawijaya, A., Yunita, W., & Sofyan, D. (2020). Analysing higher order thinking skills on the compulsory English textbook for tenth graders of Indonesian senior high schools. JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 5(2), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v5i2.10565
Sulistyani, S., Khoiriyah, K., Wicaksono, A., Aji, M. P. P., & Sardanto, R. (2023). Exploring critical thinking activities in listening comprehension exercises. Premise: Journal of English Education, 12(2), 767. https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v12i2.7506
Supornsirisin, K. (2025). Problems and needs analysis of English communication for tourism service providers at Khao Sok National Park, Surat Thani. https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JLC/article/view/281318
Syaifudin, M. (2024). Needs analysis of English learning skills for students of hospitality study program. Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal, 7(2), 444–455. https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v7i2.8550
Vančová, H. (2019). Current issues in pronunciation teaching to non-native learners of English. Journal of Language and Cultural Education, 7(2), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0015
Vandergrift, L., & Goh, C. C. M. (2021). Teaching and learning second language listening. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429287749
Xenia, T., & Indriyani, C. E. (2025). Hoteliers' needs analysis in a five-star hotel: ESP course design considerations. Journal of English Language and Education, 10(6), 212–222.
Published
2026-10-31
How to Cite
Ni Putu Ritra Trees Ari Kartika Hadi Saraswati, Ni Kadek Herna Lastari, & Sang Ayu Made Krisna Dewi Natalia. (2026). STUDENT NEEDS ANALYSIS ON LISTENING ACTIVITIES TO STIMULATE HOTS IN ESP CLASSROOM . Research on English Language Education, 8(2), 48-64. https://doi.org/10.57094/relation.v8i2.5735
Section
Articles
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