DAMPAK DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL PENYANDANG DISABILITAS

M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; Milna Sari

doi:10.57094/jubikon.v4i2.1999

M. Agung Rahmadi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Helsa Nasution Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Luthfiah Mawar Universitas Sumatera Utara
Milna Sari Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

DOI: https://doi.org/10.57094/jubikon.v4i2.1999

Keywords: Social Support; Mental Health; Individuals With Disabilities; Depression; Anxiety; Stress

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of social support on the mental health of individuals with disabilities in Indonesia, involving 250 participants aged 18 to 65 years. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Multiple regression analysis results indicate that social support significantly contributes to improved mental health (β = -0.42, p < .001 for depression; β = -0.36, p < .001 for anxiety; β = -0.39, p < .001 for stress). Family support emerged as the strongest predictor, showing a negative correlation with depression (r = -0.51, p < .001) and anxiety (r = -0.43, p < .001). These findings underscore the critical importance of social support for the mental health of individuals with disabilities. Additionally, the moderation analysis by age indicates that social support has a more substantial impact on older individuals with disabilities (β = -0.14, p < .05). These findings align with the research by Tough et al. (2017) and Santini et al. (2015), emphasizing the significance of various forms of social support for individuals with disabilities in Indonesia. The study also highlights the understanding of the Indonesian cultural context, which remains discriminatory toward individuals with disabilities, and addresses the phenomenon of neglect regarding the mental health care of this population, which represents 6.7% of the national population. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to fill the existing literature gap by providing empirical evidence for the necessity of social support interventions that can significantly enhance the mental health of individuals with disabilities.

References

Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health. American Psychologist, 59(8), 676-684.
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357.
Damanik, E. D. (2011). Pengujian reliabilitas, validitas, analisis item dan pembuatan norma Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS): Berdasarkan penelitian pada kelompok sampel Yogyakarta dan Bantul yang mengalami gempa bumi dan kelompok sampel Jakarta dan sekitarnya yang tidak mengalami gempa bumi. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.
Emerson, E., Fortune, N., Llewellyn, G., & Stancliffe, R. (2021). Loneliness, social support, social isolation and wellbeing among working age adults with and without disability: Cross-sectional study. Disability and Health Journal, 14(1), 100965.
Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford publications.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33(3), 335-343.
Natalia, D., & Aisah, S. (2019). Validation of the Indonesian version of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 386, 30-34.
Santini, Z. I., Koyanagi, A., Tyrovolas, S., Mason, C., & Haro, J. M. (2015). The association between social relationships and depression: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 175, 53-65.
Tough, H., Siegrist, J., & Fekete, C. (2017). Social relationships, mental health and wellbeing in physical disability: A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 414.
World Health Organization. (2021). World report on disability. Geneva: WHO.
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41.